Labrador health problems

Labradors are typically gentle, intelligent, and adventurous – so, most Labs have a mixture of all these lovely traits, making them popular with pet parents around the world!

Thanks to their intelligence, the Labrador can turn their paw to a huge variety of different roles, from being a beloved family companion to working as a guide dog. The powerful bond Labs tend to form with their humans also means they’re usually fantastic to train and often enjoy adventuring alongside their families (especially when swimming is involved!).

Since Labradors have a short, dense, weather-resistant coat, it’s likely they’ll only need to be brushed a couple of times each week.

Explore our Labrador breed guide for more information about the much-loved Labrador breed!

Potential health conditions linked to the Labrador breed

Please remember that while the following health concerns are frequently seen in Labradors, every dog is a unique individual. So, your canine companion isn’t necessarily going to suffer from any of the health conditions commonly experienced by Labs. But, if you’re considering pet insurance, you could read our guide to insuring your Labrador for more information.  

Always speak to your vet if you’re concerned about your dog’s health.   

Don’t forget to visit our dog first aid guides to discover the basics of canine first aid.

Obesity

Obesity is a well-known term that describes the condition of being overweight to the point there’s an increased risk of health problems and a decreased quality of life.

While any dog who overeats and isn’t exercised enough is at risk of putting on weight, some breeds can be more prone to obesity than others – including Labradors.

POMC gene mutation & other factors affecting obesity

One of the reasons Labradors are considered at greater risk of becoming obese is due to a genetic mutation causing them to feel constantly hungry and burn less calories. The mutation appears in a gene known as ‘POMC’ (pro-opiomelanocortin gene), which plays a vital role in controlling hunger and energy use.

Studies have shown that around 25% of Labradors are likely to have the POMC mutation, and that it informs the relationship they have with food. So, it’s not surprising that some Labradors are always on the lookout for their next snack! 

It’s worth noting, however, that there are several other factors involved in the risk of canine obesity, like a dog’s health, which might influence their diet or ability to exercise.

Some of the many health risks associated with obesity in dogs include diabetes, arthritis, and breathing problems.

Vets are able to diagnose obesity by weighing your Labrador and factoring in appropriate influencing factors, e.g. whether your Lab is neutered or not.

To safely support your Labrador to maintain a healthy weight, your vet can:

• Offer support by providing nutritional advice.
• Give guidance as to how best to exercise your dog.
• Book regular appointments to monitor your dog’s progress.

Hip dysplasia

Canine hip dysplasia is a genetic condition (something a dog is born with) that impacts their hip joints. ‘Dysplasia’ is a word linked to abnormal development, so, hip dysplasia describes abnormalities within a dog’s hip joint.

For Labradors with hip dysplasia, either one or both of their hip joints are unstable and can cause them to experience pain, swelling, and stiffness – resulting in lameness. Eventually, hip dysplasia can cause Labradors to develop arthritis.

Treatments for hip dysplasia in Labradors could include weight management, anti-inflammatory medication, and surgery.

Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)

Progressive retinal atrophy, or ‘PRA’, describes an inherited, progressive eye condition that worsens over time, and tends to affect certain dog breeds – like the Labrador. PRA involves the deterioration of the retina, the part of the eye responsible for vision, though doesn’t cause pain.

Most dogs with PRA develop symptoms gradually, so the first signs of the condition could be poor vision at night. For instance, Labradors with PRA might accidently walk into objects while out walking at dusk or refuse to go for a walk when it’s dark outside.

Sadly, dogs with PRA will eventually lose their sight entirely.

Vets who are trained in ophthalmology (a medical specialty focusing on the eyes) should be able to confirm a PRA diagnosis by examining the back of your Labrador’s eye. Sometimes, however, dogs with PRA might also develop cataracts, which can make it difficult for vets to assess the health of their retina.

While there is ongoing research into the effectiveness of certain therapies to treat PRA, unfortunately, there’s currently no treatment for this condition. Although, the slow progress of PRA means many Labradors adjust well to their changing vision. Additionally, vets can offer advice about adapting your Labrador’s home environment and exercise routines, to allow those with PRA to enjoy a good quality of life.